ASTM D 4661-2003 聚氨基甲酸酯原材料的标准试验方法:异氰酸酯中总氯化物含量的测定
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforPolyurethaneRawMaterials:DeterminationofTotalChlorineinIsocyanates
【原文标准名称】:聚氨基甲酸酯原材料的标准试验方法:异氰酸酯中总氯化物含量的测定
【标准号】:ASTMD4661-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:含量测定;异氰酸酯;塑料;聚氨酯;试验;氯化物
【英文主题词】:chlorides;polyurethane;determinationofcontent;testing;plastics;isocyanates
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_080_10
【页数】:5P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforMeasuringPaybackforInvestmentsinBuildingsandBuildingSystems
【原文标准名称】:建筑物和建筑物系统的投资回报率测算的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME1121-2007e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E06.81
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:benefit-costanalysis;buildingeconomics;economicevaluationmethods;engineeringeconomics;investmentanalysis;life-cyclecostanalysis;maximumacceptablepaybackperiod;netbenefits;netsavings;payback;simplepayback;Benefit-costratio/analysi
【摘要】:Thepaybackmethodispartofafamilyofeconomicevaluationmethodsthatprovidemeasuresofeconomicperformanceofaninvestment.Includedinthisfamilyofevaluationmethodsarelife-cyclecosting,benefit-to-costandsavings-to-investmentratios,netbenefits,andinternalratesofreturn.Thepaybackmethodaccountsforallmonetaryvaluesassociatedwithaninvestmentuptothetimeatwhichcumulativenetbenefits,discountedtopresentvalue,justpayoffinitialinvestmentcosts.Usethemethodtofindifaprojectrecoversitsinvestmentcostandotheraccruedcostswithinitsservicelifeorwithinaspecifiedmaximumacceptablepaybackperiod(MAPP)lessthanitsservicelife.Itisimportanttonotethatthedecisiontousethepaybackmethodshouldbemadewithcare.(SeeSection11onLimitations.)1.1Thispracticeprovidesarecommendedprocedureforcalculatingandapplyingthepaybackmethodinevaluatingbuildingdesignsandbuildingsystems.
【中国标准分类号】:P02
【国际标准分类号】:91_010_99
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforVolatileMatter(Moisture)ofWetBluebyOvenDrying
【原文标准名称】:通过烘炉干燥测定湿铬鞣革的挥发性物质(湿度)的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6658-2001(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:D31.02
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:bluestock;moisture;volatilematter;wetblue
【摘要】:Theresultobtainedbythistestisnormallyconsideredtobethemoisturecontentofthewetbluesample.Thisresultisusedtocorrectallotherchemicalteststoamoisture-freebasis.Materialsthatarevolatileundertheseconditions,otherthanwater,maybepresentinthewetblue,althoughtheiramountinanynormalwetbluewouldbeexpectedtobeaverysmallpercentageofthetotalvolatilematter.Undertheconditionsofthistest,certainmaterialsinwetblue,suchasproteinfiberandchromiumtanningsalts,mayretainmoisture.Othermaterials,suchasnaturalanimalfats,maybeoxidized.Bothoftheseeffectsproducenegativeerrorsinthemoisturedetermination.Theamountofvolatilematter(moisture)releasedbyagivensamplevarieswith(a)methodandtimeofsamplepreparation,(b)weightofsampletaken,(c)temperatureandtimeoftheovendrying,(d)typeofoven(gravityversusmechanicalconvection)used.Becauseoftheaboveunknownerrors,theresultofthistestisapurelyarbitraryvalueforthemoisturecontentofthesample.Itis,therefore,essentialthatthemethodbefollowedexactlyinordertoobtainreproducibleresultsamonglaboratories.Thisisparticularlytrueifotherchemicalanalyticaltestsbeingperformedonthesamesamplearereportedonthemoisture-freebasis.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofvolatilematter(moisture)inalltypesofwetblue.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Y45
【国际标准分类号】:59_140_10;59_140_10
【页数】:2P.;A4
【正文语种】:
